Bir programda döngü kullanmanin yasak olduğunu varsayarsak o zaman döngünün yerini alabilecek başka bir imkan bulabiliriz, iste Ansi C komitesi tarafından olup olmaması tartışılan goto deyimi.
/********************** Borland C++ Builder **********************/
// Flag can contain one or many of Flags values - they will all be removed
begin
Flag := not Flag;
Flags := Flags and Flag;
end;
function CommonFlags ( Flags1, Flags2: TFlagType): TFlagType;
// Result = a value with all the flags that are common to Flags1 & Flags2.
begin
Result := Flags1 and Flags2;
end;
procedure RemoveCommonFlags( var Flags1, Flags2: TFlagType; FromWhich: integer);
// FromWhich indicates which flags value you want to remove the common flags
// from. Possible values are 1: Remove from Flags1; 2: Remove from Flags2;
// and 3: Remove from both;
var Com: TFlagType;
begin
Com := CommonFlags (Flags1, Flags2);
if (FromWhich = 1) or (FromWhich = 3) then RemoveFlag(Flags1, Com);
if (FromWhich = 2) or (FromWhich = 3) then RemoveFlag(Flags2, Com);
end;
procedure RemoveUniqueFlags( var Flags1, Flags2: TFlagType; FromWhich: integer);
// FromWhich indicates which flags value you want to remove the unique flags
// from. Possible values are 1: Remove from Flags1; 2: Remove from Flags2;
// and 3: Remove from both;
var Uniq: TFlagType;
begin
Uniq := Flags1 xor Flags2;
if (FromWhich = 1) or (FromWhich = 3) then RemoveCommonFlags(Flags1, Uniq, 1);
if (FromWhich = 2) or (FromWhich = 3) then RemoveCommonFlags(Uniq, Flags2, 2);
end;
function PosHighestOnBit(Flags: TFlagType): integer;
// returns the position ofthe last "On" bit in AFlags counting from low bit to high bit
//
var
i: byte;
MaxI: byte;
Flag: TFlagType;
begin
Result := 0;
i := 0;
MaxI := SizeOf(TFlagType)*8 - 1;
repeat
Flag := GetFlagValue(i);
if ContainsFlag(Flags, Flag) then
Result := i + 1;
inc(i);
until (Flag > Flags) or (i = MaxI);
end;
function IntToBinary(AnInt: TFlagType; Commas: boolean): string;
// Visualize MyBits [0..IntSize-1] where 0 is the leftmost bit
var
MyBits: TBits;
n: byte; // the exponent
RemInt: TFlagType;
Cntr,
Offset: byte;
IntSize: byte;
begin
IntSize := SizeOf(TFlagType)*8;
MyBits := TBits.create;
MyBits.size := IntSize;
RemInt := AnInt;
if RemInt < 0 then begin // condition check may be required if TFlagType <> cardinal
MyBits.Bits[IntSize-1] := true;
RemInt := RemInt*(-1)-1;// change sign and shift value by one
end;
if Low(TFlagType) < 0 then Offset := 2 // condition check may be required if TFlagType <> cardinal
else Offset := 1;
for n := (MyBits.Size - Offset) downto 0 do begin
// 2^n represents the values held in each place from the highest down to the lowest
// check a value against 2^n, if the value is greater than 2^n, then it contains it
// and set the bit to on.
// if RemInt >= round(Power(2, n)) then begin
if RemInt >= GetFlagValue(n) then begin
MyBits.Bits[n] := true;
// RemInt := RemInt - round(Power(2,n));
RemInt := RemInt - GetFlagValue(n);
end
else begin
MyBits.Bits[n] := false;
end;
end;
// now convert to string
Result := '';
Cntr := 0;
for n := (MyBits.Size - 1) downto 0 do begin
if MyBits.Bits[n] then Result := Result + '1'
else Result := Result + '0';
inc(Cntr);
if (Cntr <> IntSize) and ((Cntr mod 4) = 0) then
if Commas then Result := Result + ',';
end;
MyBits.free;
end;
function IsPowerOfTwo (Flag: TFlagType): boolean;
// Returns true if the value of Flag is a power of two for an exponent in the
// range of 0 to MaxExp. A Flag's valid range is 1..2^62
// This allows a FlagContainer to have up to 63 possible flags
var
exp : word;
MaxExp : integer;
begin
MaxExp := SizeOf(TFlagType)-1;
Result := false;
for exp := 0 to MaxExp do begin
if Flag = round(Power(2, exp)) then begin
Result := true;
break;
end;
if Flag < round(Power(2, exp)) then
break;
end;
end;
function NextPowerOfTwo (Flag: TFlagType): TFlagType;
// returns the next power of two higher than the current value for flag
// or zero if the exponent > MaxExp (62).
var
exp: Word;
MaxExp : integer;
begin
MaxExp := SizeOf(TFlagType)-1;
exp := 0;
while (exp <= SizeOf(TFlagType)-1) and (round(Power(2, exp)) < Flag) do inc(exp);
if exp > MaxExp then Result := 0
else begin
if Flag < (round(Power(2, exp))) then
Result := round(Power(2, exp))
else
Result := round(Power(2, exp+1));
end;
end;
function DecToBase(DecNo: integer; Base: word): string;
{ converts any decimal integer to any base in the range of [2..16]
and returns the converted number as a string.
Example of logic implemented for base five
Decimal 46 = 141 in base 5
First iteration of while loop
46/5 = 9.2, Drop 9 & multiply 0.2 * 5 = 1 -> right most digit
Next iteration of while loop, process dropped 9
9/5 = 1.8, Drop 1 & multiply 0.8 * 5 = 4 -> next left digit
Next iteration of while loop, process dropped 1
1/5 = 0.2, Drop 0 & multiply 0.2 * 5 = 1 -> left most digit
Rem is zero - end processing.
}
var
Rem: integer;
NextDig: integer;
ADig: string;
begin
Result := '';
if (Base >= 2) and (Base <= 16) then begin
if DecNo = 0 then Result := '0'
else begin
Rem := Abs(DecNo); // get positive value
while Rem <> 0 do begin
NextDig := Round(frac(Rem/Base)*Base);
case NextDig of
10: ADig := 'A';
11: ADig := 'B';
12: ADig := 'C';
13: ADig := 'D';
14: ADig := 'E';
15: ADig := 'F';
else ADig := IntToStr(NextDig);
end; // case
Result := ADig + Result;
Rem := Round(int(Rem/Base));
end; // while
if DecNo < 0 then Result := '-' + Result;
end; // else
end
else ShowMessage('Invalid base passed to function "DecToBase"');
end;
function BaseToDec(BaseNo: string; Base: word): integer;
{ converts a value in any base represented by a string
to a decimal integer where base is in the range of [2..16]
and returns the converted number as an integer.
Example of logic implemented for base five
Base 5 # 141 = decimal 46
First iteration of while loop
left most digit is 1
1 / 5 = 0.2; Add nothing from above = 0.2
0.2 * 5 = 1
Next iteration of while loop
next digit to right is 4
4 / 5 = 0.8; Add 1 from above to 0.8 = 1.8
1.8 * 5 = 9
Next iteration of while loop
next digit to right is 1
1 / 5 = 0.2; Add 9 from above to 0.2 = 9.2
9.2 * 5 = 46
No more digits to process.}
var
Rem: string;
ChStr: string;
ADig: integer;
begin
Result := 0;
if (Base >= 2) and (Base <= 16) then begin
if BaseNo <> '0'then begin
// get absolute value
if BaseNo[1] = '-' then Rem := copy(BaseNo, 2, length(BaseNo))
else Rem := BaseNo;
while Rem <> '' do begin
case Rem[1] of
'A', 'a': ADig := 10;
'B', 'b': ADig := 11;
'C', 'c': ADig := 12;
'D', 'd': ADig := 13;
'E', 'e': ADig := 14;
'F', 'f': ADig := 15;
else ADig := StrToInt('' + Rem[1]);
end;
Result := Round((Result + (ADig/Base)) * Base);
Rem := copy(Rem, 2, length(Rem));
end; // while
if BaseNo[1] = '-' then Result := (-1) * Result;
end; // else
end
else ShowMessage('Invalid base passed to function "BaseToDec"');
end;
end.
/////////////////////////////////
Save as a unit to use - not a form.
From Delphi menu: File|New
In ensuing dialog, select Unit.
Delphi will open a new unit.
Under the unit's name: "unit Unit1;"
Copy and paste my entire unit.
Then delete my unit's name line: "unit FlagsMgr"
Then do a file SaveAs "FlagsMgr"
Save either in Delphi's Bin directory, or in a folder that is in your Application's Search Path.
Then in your form's uses clause, add "FlagsMgr".
All the functions declared in FlagsMgr's interface section are then available to your form.
type TFlagType = cardinal; deki cardinal i herhangi bir integer türüne çevirip kullanın yoksa insertflag vs gibi fonksiyonlarda tür uyuşmazlığı hatası veriyor.
InsertFlag (Deg, GetFlagValue(0)); // set low bit on
InsertFlag (Deg, GetFlagValue(1)); // set second bit from right on
InsertFlag (Deg, GetFlagValue(2)); // set third bit from right on
RemoveFlag (Deg, GetFlagValue(0)); // turn off low bit
RemoveFlag (Deg, GetFlagValue(1)); // turn off second bit
RemoveFlag (Deg, GetFlagValue(2)); // turn off third bit
The value of Deg is stored & manipulated as an integer type.
To view the binary value, you must use function IntToBinary which returns a string representation of the binary value.
To view the binary value as a string in a TEdit:
Edit1.text := IntToBinary(Deg, true);
If you prefer a space rather than commas, you can change the 3rd to last line of IntToBinary where the commas are added to the result to insert a space instead, or write a similar function that adds spaces.
gerçekten güzel hazırlanmış ancak yanınızda bir çince sözlük lazım bu programı sadece kelime değil cümle grammer ve teknik terimlerin ezberlenmesi amacı ile de kullanılabilir
Delphi - .....................................
mssql function two output parametre
declare @kr1 float ;
declare @kr2 float ;
declare @sql nvarchar(500);
SET @sql = N' Select @kr1=euro,@kr2=usd From dovgun output';
DrawText(ACanvas.Handle, PChar(AText), Length(AText), ARect, DT_VCENTER or DT_CENTER);
ADone := True;
end;
Delphi - .....................................
mssqlde 2 tarih arası gun saat
CREATE PROCEDURE TarihFarki
@start AS SMALLDATETIME,
@end AS SMALLDATETIME
AS
DECLARE @sure BIGINT
DECLARE @dakika INT
DECLARE @saat INT
DECLARE @gun INT
DECLARE @MSG AS VARCHAR(64)
SET @gun=0
SET @sure=DATEDIFF(MINUTE,@start, @end)
IF (@sure>=1440)
BEGIN
SET @gun=CAST((@sure/1440) AS INT)
SET @sure=@sure-@gun*1440
END
SET @dakika=@sure%60
SET @saat=CAST((@sure/60) AS INT)
SET @MSG='İki tarih arasındaki fark ' + CAST(@gun AS VARCHAR(5))+' gün '+ CAST(@saat AS VARCHAR(5)) + ' saat '+ cast(@dakika AS VARCHAR(5)) + ' dakika'
SELECT@MSG
Delphi - .....................................
Akim Shahverdiyev - (Comp info)
//Bu proqram Delphi-ye yeni bashlayanlar icin. Ben sizlere Azerbeycandan
